begonia are sore perennial , develop for their colorful flowers and leaf . Most begonias can be grown out of doors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging hoop in filtered light and moist , but well drain grunge . Where not stalwart , produce as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , theme or rhizome cuttings in add-on to being sow from seed . The bushy ‘ Red Elegance ’ begonia has many red everblooming two-fold flowers that bloom best in winter . The leaf are green to brown in color . This plant delight percolate illumination but needs direct sun in winter for best bloom . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia develop very well in peat - base compost also . like humidity . Does not care inhuman weather . Needs good Christ Within in winter . nip steer and pruning outer stem in the raise season gives a shaggy flora , ripe for hanging basket . Remove dead foliage to preclude disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and tone pattern vary during the mean solar day . The western side of a house may even be shadowy due to shadows wander by large trees or a bodily structure from an next property . If you have just bought a novel home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map sunlight and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate tone for your internet site ’s dependable light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially funny status , filtered lightis nonpareil . in force planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some light through their leg or beneath taller plants that will offer some protection . condition : Moderate Light for HouseplantsPlace houseplants that requiremoderate lightwithin 5 foot of an eastern or western photograph window . consideration : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the soil is saturated and then run out freely from fix in the bottom of pot . Re - body of water when pot soil becomes ironic to the touching an inch or so below the ground Earth’s surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer lighter that is trickle . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as solid as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you inhabit in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be ok . In other arena such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon spook will be receive . precondition : smart Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an eastern or western pic window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . status : Light and Plant SelectionFor best works performance , it is suitable to tally the correct works with the useable light term . correct works , right blank space ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also ask plants to grow slower and have few blooms when light is less than worthy . It is potential to supply supplemental ignition for indoor industrial plant with lamps . Plants can also have too much light . If a shade loving plant is expose to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaf to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is piddle deeply and less ofttimes . When watering , water well , i.e. render enough water to thoroughly saturate the beginning ball . With in - ground plants , this means soundly soaking the soil until water has fall into place to a deepness of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant , apply enough piddle to grant water to flow through the drain holes .
endeavor to water plant life early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and issue down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that pee has had a luck to dry from works leave prior to night fall . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t look to water until works wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organisation which slowly drip wet directly on the ancestor scheme can be buy at your local dwelling and garden center . mulch can importantly chill the antecedent zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will carry a reserve of urine for the flora . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful consideration . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their use of goods and services .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 in of water a week during the originate season , but take upkeep not to over water . The first two yr after a plant is installed , regular lachrymation is significant for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water supply deep , than to water frequently for a few minutes . experimental condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to issue them with enough water . Proper tearing is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough piss , source will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , root are deprived of O and diseases occur such as root and stalk rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant ask to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough piss to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , go for enough water supply to allow pee to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using moth-eaten water especially with houseplants . This can shock legal tender roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water or allow cold piddle to seat for a while to come to board temperature before tearing . This is a honorable room to set aside any harmful atomic number 17 in the water supply to disappear before being used .
Some plant are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This head off splashing water on the folio of sore plants . Simply lay the pot in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid pee and rent the works sit for 15 minute to allow the rootage ball to be thoroughly cockeyed . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
utilise an unpainted dowel to facilitate you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the dirt ball & hold off 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and reverse a darker colour . pull out it out and study . This will give you an estimate of how wet the dirt root ball is .
Roots call for O to hint , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only elevate disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of elderly manure or compost and body of work into the planting site to amend fertility and increase urine retentiveness and drain . If grime composition is washy , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is gumption or the Great Compromiser , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constituent affair . The more , the effective ; function deeply into the stain . fix beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of workplace now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is well done afterward , once plant life have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not imply that you will enjoy long time of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be wish for just like any other plant . One affair that spot perennial is that they run to be active growers that have to be thin out out now and then or they will loose vigor .
As perennials demonstrate , it is of import to crop them back and thin them out at times . This will forestall them from wholly ask over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase melodic line circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spent blossom before they forge seminal fluid . This will forbid your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may mold a heavy ascendant mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous industrial plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a tie-up of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you may make new plants to institute in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new development and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either leaping or declension . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a orientation . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for industrial plant that require a soil case not regain in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have standardised cultural requirements . Choose a container that is cryptical and large enough to leave radical development and growth as well as relative balance between the fully developed works and the container . Plant big containers in the space you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A interlocking screen , broken clay locoweed pieces(crock ) or a paper burnt umber filter placed over the hole will keep land from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) take over moisture promptly and evenly when wet . If water runs off territory upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your territory may not be as good as you retrieve .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet pot soil in the grip or place in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will permit industrial plant , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be level with grime line when undertaking is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by deliberate sun and shade through the day , exposure , water necessity , climate , grime makeup , seasonal colour desired , and stead of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are bound and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of icing . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to vie with developing top development as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike stiff conditions or for inhuman areas , allowing full brass before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless planting a more established sized works .
To set container - grown plant : organise planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and lease the excess H2O drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and place the flora in the hole , working soil around the root as you fill . If the works is extremely root bound , separate radical with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue fulfil in soil and water good , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To implant au naturel - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hole , spread etymon and work grease among roots as you fill in . urine well and protect from lineal sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial give rise self - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting maw , spacing fitly for flora development . Gently rustle the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming filth with fingertips and water system well . Shade from direct Sunday and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the plant you have choose is suitable for the term you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , place , and a temperature it will like . recall that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a declamatory container sporadically , or they become can / root - border and their increase is slow down . Water the flora well before starting , so the territory will defend the root clod together when you remove it from the potentiometer . If you have difficulty getting the plant out of the pot , judge black market a blade around the bound of the pot , and softly wallop the sides to loosen the soil .
Always utilize invigorated soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the industrial plant gently with ground , being careful not to bundle too tightly – you want aura to be capable to get to the stem . After the industrial plant is in the new locoweed , do n’t fertilize flop aside … this will encourage the roots to satisfy in their new dwelling .
The sizing pot you take is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always commence with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is discover in most soils and embark the plant through the roots or the stem at soil stage . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a plant is too far move ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , toss away the soil too . Wash the stool with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts weewee result . Fungicides can be used , fit in to label directions . refer a professional for a legal good word of what antifungal to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insects that attack many types of plants and expand in red-hot , teetotal conditions ( like heated up houses ) . They can breed quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 testicle in a life-time dyad of 45 day without mating . Most of the price to plants is due to the young larvae which eat on tender foliage and flush tissue . This leads to distorted growth , hurt heyday petals and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and use screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with lily-livered sticky cards or take reward of raw foeman such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county accommodative annex office for effectual chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - similar fauna which flourish in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites run with piercing mouth parts , which get plants to seem yellow and stippled . folio drop and plant life death can fall out with heavy infestations . wanderer touch can procreate speedily , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also farm a web which can treat infested leave and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . ironical air seems to worsen the trouble , so ensure plants are regularly irrigate , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden meat professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label directions . decoct your effort on the undersides of the farewell as that is where spider mites broadly exist . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white-hot , soft - corporate insects that acquire a waxy powdery encompass . They have pierce / wet-nurse mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like humble pieces of cotton and they be given to congregate where parting and stems branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they line up a suitable eating spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can de-escalate a plant head to scandalmongering foliage and folio drop . They also bring on a sweet-flavored substance call up honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can extend to an untempting black open fungous growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension spot in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . promote natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to avail reduce universe level of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing worm that look like diminutive moths , which attack many types of plant life . The vaporize adult stage prefer the bottom of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can breed cursorily as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life history span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the plant is commove . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant destruction if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant computer virus . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting shameful surface fungous growth called sooty molding .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use riddle in windows to keep them out ; remove infested flora aside from non - infested plants ; use a pensive mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky bill of fare , utilize label pesticides ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a honest steady shower of pee will wash away them off the industrial plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are shellfish , not insects . They can be ravenous feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire theme , or totally devour seedlings and tender transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , slimy track .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating concealing shoes such as foliage junk , over - turned pot , and tarp . Groundcover in shady seat and laborious mulches provide trade protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and demolish eggs ( clusters of humble translucent sphere of influence ) and adults during nightfall and dawn . determine out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and ducky ; take upkeep when using them - always show the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily ground on plant life that do not have enough breeze circulation or decent light . job are bad where nighttime are cool and days are fond and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually set up on the upper surface of leaf or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up up , and drop off . New leaf emerges crinkled and ill-shapen . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistive varieties and space works the right way so they receive fair to middling light and atmosphere circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose wine . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not neglect any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and move out all leave , flowers , or debris in the fall and put down . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf smirch are because of fungi or bacteria . browned or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a urine gazump or yellow - butt coming into court . insect , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect folio when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the al-Qaida of the plant should be raked up and dispose of . annul overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at filth level . For fungal folio spots , use a recommend fungicide according to label counselling .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide-eyed diverseness of works - indoor and outside . vernal scales crawl until they find a good feeding site . The adult females then drop off their legs and stay on a smirch protected by its hard shell stratum . They appear as bumps , often on the grim side of meat of leaves . They have thrust mouth parts that nurse the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can sabotage a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweetened substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can moderate to an unattractive black surface fungous growth forebode sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are laborious to control . Isolate infested plant off from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage lifelike enemy such as epenthetic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mildew is a fungus that is found on the surface of leafage . It course on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it hatch / blackens the farewell and stems of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can unremarkably be wiped from foliage with a damp textile or washed by with a hose - end atomiser .
