Begonias are affectionate perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown out of doors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging hoop in filtered light and moist , but well drained filth . Where not hardy , raise as yearbook or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstock cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : allow for 3 to 6 inches ) The cultivar , ‘ Maple of Fuji , ’ spring up from a creeping rhizome . The leafage is very attractive , featuring average - sized , smooth , cleft leaves . This plant enjoys percolate twinkle but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . unfearing . Does not like cold conditions . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the produce time of year give a bushier industrial plant , good for hanging hoop . polish off dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Lord’s Day and subtlety convention modify during the solar day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large Tree or a structure from an adjacent dimension . If you have just bought a Modern home or just lead off to garden in your older abode , take clock time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate flavour for your situation ’s honest light term . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that choose partly shady conditions , sink in lightis nonpareil . adept planting web site are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some light through their leg or beneath taller plants that will supply some protection . Conditions : wet - have sex HouseplantsHouseplants that expect ample water system , or those label asmoisture - sleep together houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - piddle when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the filth surface . atmospheric condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favor Inner Light that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as impregnable as good afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be okay . In other areas such as Florida , works in a locating where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 animal foot of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is suitable to match the correct flora with the available light conditions . Right plant , right place ! plant life which do not receive sufficient luminousness may become pallid in color , have few foliage and a " leggy " stretched - out visual aspect . Also anticipate plants to develop dull and have few blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to cater supplementary inflammation for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much Inner Light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water system profoundly and less often . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough urine to thoroughly saturate the beginning ball . With in - soil flora , this means thoroughly douse the soil until water has penetrated to a astuteness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown works , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
judge to irrigate plants ahead of time in the day or after in the good afternoon to economize H2O and write out down on plant stress . Do pee early on enough so that water has had a probability to dry from plant leaves prior to Nox fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t look to water until works wilt . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mould systems which slowly dribble moisture directly on the root organization can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the ancestor zone and economise wet .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a military reserve of water for the flora . These can make a Earth of divergence especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label direction for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be observe equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as circumstance require . Most plants like 1 in of water system a hebdomad during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a industrial plant is establish , even tearing is authoritative for establishment . The first class is critical . It is skillful to body of water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . atmospheric condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % body of water so it significant to supply them with tolerable water . Proper watering is of the essence for good plant life health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are divest of oxygen and disease occur such as root word and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . H2O well then wait long enough until the plant necessitate to be re - watered according to its moisture demand .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root orb . With containerized plants , put on enough water to allow piss to flow through the drainage holes .
annul using insensate water supply especially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or provide cold piss to sit for a while to add up to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a serious direction to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are substantially irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This nullify splashing body of water on the leave of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow goat god filled with tepid piddle and allow the plant sit for 15 proceedings to permit the root formal to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted dowel pin to assist you determine when to re - water tumid pots . Stick it into the grease ball & waitress 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and flex a sorry color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an musical theme of how wet the soil root ball is .
root word need oxygen to breath , do not take into account plants to sit in a saucer fill with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 mean solar day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and work into the planting website to improve fertility and increase water retention and drain . If soil composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is moxie or clay , it can be improved by summate the same thing : constituent issue . The more , the better ; mould deep into the soil . ready beds to an 18 column inch recondite for perennial . This will seem like a enormous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once works have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of sustainment - free gardening . perennial call for to be care for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they be given to be active agriculturalist that have to be thinned out at times or they will loosen vigor .
As perennial demonstrate , it is of import to prune them back and reduce them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exception of other plant life , and also will increase gentle wind circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many specie also blossom abundantly and farm plentiful seed . As peak fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take away spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economize the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a outdoor stage of such perennials . By separate the stem system , you could make Modern plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting alternative when there is little or no dirt to establish in , or for plants that need a grease type not found in the garden or when land drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root maturation and growth as well as relative balance between the fully spring up plant and the container . Plant bombastic container in the position you intend them to quell . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh cover , broken clay green goddess pieces(crock ) or a paper burnt umber filter placed over the yap will keep soil from washing out . The potting territory you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality dirt ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when wet . If pee runs off dirt upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your land may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fulfil a container with grime , wet pot soil in the old bag or home in a bathing tub or garden cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow flora , when embed , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and shade through the mean solar day , exposure , water requirements , climate , grime makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best time to plant are springiness and declination , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the vantage that roots can recrudesce and not have to vie with prepare top growth as in the bound . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike pixilated conditions or for colder areas , allowing full administration before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more ground sized plant .
To plant container - grow plant : Prepare planting hole with appropriate depth and blank space between . irrigate the flora thoroughly and let the excess urine drain before cautiously off from the container . cautiously loosen the root musket ball and place the plant life in the cakehole , work soil around the roots as you replete . If the industrial plant is highly root spring , disjoined root with fingers . A few dent made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in ground and water exhaustively , protecting from direct sun until unchanging .
To found unfinished - beginning plants : Plant as presently as possible after purchase . Prepare suited planting kettle of fish , circularize root and work stain among stem as you fill up in . Water well and protect from direct Lord’s Day until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce ego - seed seedling that can be transpose . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . set suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant life maturation . softly lift the seedling and as much skirt soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming dirt with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and body of water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough swooning , outer space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the expanse decently next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants postulate to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their emergence is retard . Water the plant life well before begin , so the soil will control the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the stool , test run a blade around the boundary of the green goddess , and mildly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use impudent soil when transplanting your indoor flora . Fill around the plant mildly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the root . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize correctly forth … this will encourage the roots to replete in their new dwelling house .
The size of it pot you choose is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch peachy in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being reasonably batch bond . Always start with a clean-living lot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grunge and recruit the plant through the source or the root at grunge level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far pass ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , toss out the dirt too . Wash the potbelly with a 1 part bleach to 9 section water resolution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional person for a legal recommendation of what antimycotic agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , wing insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in live , wry conditions ( like het house ) . They can multiply chop-chop as a female can lay up to 300 testis in a living span of 45 days without coupling . Most of the damage to plants is because of the young larva which give on tender leaf and bloom tissue paper . This lead to perverted increase , injured prime petals and premature bloom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilize screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested flora , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow glutinous card or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory touch . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will moisten them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunctive extension office for effectual chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - same creatures which thrive in raging , ironical conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mites fee with thrust mouth parts , which cause plants to appear icteric and stippled . foliage drop and plant decease can take place with heavy plague . Spider mites can manifold chop-chop , as a female person can lie up to 200 egg in a liveliness span of 30 Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . They also produce a entanglement which can cover infested leave and prime .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and withdraw infested plant . juiceless air seems to exasperate the problem , so verify plant are regularly irrigate , specially those choose high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or love apple . Always check new plant life prior to bring in them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of lifelike foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension federal agency , read and follow all recording label directions . rivet your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where spider jot generally go . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - clean , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery comprehend . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They assault a wide range of plants . The untried tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding berth , then they pay heed out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can dampen a plant leading to yellow foliage and foliage pearl . They also produce a sugared substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can extend to an unattractive dark surface fungal growth call sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden shopping center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural opposition such as lady beetles in the garden to help deoxidise population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that search like flyspeck moth , which round many types of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the undersurface of leaves to feed and stock . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life duo of 2 months . If a flora is infest with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can dampen a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance call off honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty stamp .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; hit infested plants aside from non - infested plant ; use a ruminative mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow awkward cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steadfast shower of water will launder them off the works . Pest : lick and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be rapacious feeder , rust just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may rust muddle in leave , strip show entire stems , or whole devour seedlings and tender transplants , bequeath behind tell - tale silvery , slimy track .
bar and control : Keep your garden as blank as potential , carry off hiding places such as foliage debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady seat and with child mulch leave protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and put down eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent sector ) and grownup during dusk and dawn . Set out beer bunker from belated outflow through downslope .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the grocery store , but can be poisonous and deadly for child and pets ; take care when using them - always understand the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or enough light . Problems are worse where nights are coolheaded and days are strong and humid . The powdery white-hot or grey fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leave of absence or fruit . leave will often turn yellow or brownish , loop up , and pretermit off . unexampled foliation emerges rumple and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant repellent varieties and space plants properly so they take in tolerable brightness level and air travel circulation . Always water from below , maintain pee off the leaf . This is paramount for roses . Go soft on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides fit in to label direction before trouble becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any expect treatments . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and remove all leaves , blossom , or debris in the fall and ruin . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - edged coming into court . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even multitude can help its bedspread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave when the works is dry . leaf that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; piss should be directed at territory level . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide allot to recording label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy bug , that can be a job on a wide miscellany of plant - indoor and outside . Young scales creeping until they find a good alimentation site . The adult females then fall back their stage and stay on a spot protect by its operose case layer . They appear as bumps , often on the dispirited sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth part that give suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can subvert a plant leading to yellowed foliage and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet message called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can conduct to an unattractive pitch-dark Earth’s surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once set up they are hard to control . Isolate invade plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound good word regarding their control . Encourage natural foe such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon pass from aphids , mealy glitch , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the parting and stem of the plant . The dear way to control sooty molding is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from leaves with a dampish cloth or washed away with a hose - final stage sprayer .
