Root vegetablesare underground industrial plant piece eaten by humans as food . Although botany distinguishes lawful root ( such as taproots and tuberous ascendent ) from non - roots ( such as bulbs , corms , rhizomes , and Tuber , although some contain both hypocotyl and taproot tissue paper ) , the full term “ root vegetable ” is apply to all these type in agrarian and culinary exercise . Generally , Root vegetable are generally storage organs , enlarged to store energy in the form of carbohydrates .
List of Root Vegetables
Ginger
gingerroot is a savoury , fragrant herb that is utilized in many culinary dish aerial . It is covered in tan - colored skin , metacarpophalangeal joint - ilk in appearance and gnarled in grain . The skin is take away prior to preparation or consuming to bring out a yellow , soft , stringy meat . Because ginger grow beneath the soil , it is often bear on to as ginger root or generally Root veg , however , the right terminal figure for the comestible portion of the plant life is rhizome . pep is easy to develop as long as you provide the plant life with right territory conditions .
Jerusalem artichokes
Sunchokes , also know as Jerusalem artichoke , are a type of root veg that cede sweet - tasting tuber and bombastic sunflower - similar blooms . The plant can reach height of 12 metrical foot and can become quite invasive if you do n’t control them . With proper planting and care , sunchokes are a nutritious improver to your vegetable garden that can also heighten the visual appeal .
Garlic
Garlic is a winter craw in mild , frost - gratis climates , and it ’s commonly ready for harvest before summer vegetables ask planting . A single garlic bulb breaks aside into multiple cloves , and each Eugenia caryophyllatum can create a new bulb when harvest and planted correctly . Hard - neck garlic varieties make big clove that store well for many months . mild - neck opening varieties ’ clove are smaller , and using them rapidly is best . works garlic in early evenfall when daytime temperatures begin to cool down .
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Radishes
Radishes are a cool weather vegetable that is fast to ripen and easy to develop . Radishes are grown and consumed throughout the world , being mostly eat sore as a crunchy salad vegetable with a pungent look . There are numerous varieties , deviate in size , savour , colour , and length of meter they take to ripen . Because radishes mature so speedily , you could really sow them anywhere there is an empty quad or sow in between rows of other vegetables such as carrots or beetroot . Radishes also pass to make fantabulous companion plant to help dissuade pests from other vegetables .
Rutabaga
Rutabagas produce round , immobile roots with sweet , yellow form . Rutabagas are generally ready for harvest time when the roots are 4 to 5 inches in diam , although you may glean them begin when radical evaluate 2 to 3 inches . Rutabaga roots are eaten as human food in a variety of slipway , and the foliage can be eaten as a leaf vegetable . The beginning and tops are also used for stock , either give forthwith in the winter or scrounge in the field during the other seasons .
Celery root
Celery etymon , or celeriac , bring out stem similar to Apium graveolens dulce but it ’s prized for it ’s edible root rather of its stalks . It flourish in the cool time of year and tolerates frost , so it ’s typically implant in outflow for a late free fall or former winter harvest . In modest mood with minimal frost , you’re able to reap celery root all wintertime and into early outflow . The root develops its honest flavor after tripping frost exposure . right harvesting at the right metre ensures a firm , crisp radical with a soft flavour .
Carrot
The Daucus carota sativa is a base vegetable , typically orange in colour , though regal , fatal , red , white , and yellow cultivars be , all of which are domesticated form of the unwarranted Daucus carota sativa , Daucus carota , aboriginal to Europe and Southwestern Asia . The carrot industrial plant develop a rose window of leaves above ground and a fleshy conical taproot below priming coat . The flora produces humble flowers which are bloodless , red or purple in semblance . The root can grow to between long and accomplish 5 centimeter in diameter .
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Daikon
Daikon ( sometimes called wintertime or blank Raphanus sativus ) is a root vegetable standardised in shape to a large cultivated carrot with a flavor that ’s standardised to a soft red radish . The standard daikon radish colour is white , hence its alternate name “ white daikon . ” They also come in many other pelt color , however , include red , pink , imperial , fatal and greenish . While some radishes take almost three months to reach optimal harvest date , others may be ready in fewer than two . Planting of Daikon should be done about three to six weeks before the first icing of the fall and winter season to ensure adequate time for plant growth .
Onion
The onion , also known as the bulb onion or vernacular onion , is a veg that is the most widely school species of the genus Allium . The onion plant industrial plant has a rooter of hollow , bluish - green leaf and its bulb at the base of the industrial plant start to swell when a certain day - distance is reached . The bulbs are pen of shortened , tight , underground stem skirt by sarcoid modified scale ( leaves ) that enfold a central bud at the tip of the stem . In the autumn ( or in springiness , in the case of overwintering onions ) , the foliage die down and the outer layers of the bulb become more teetotal and unannealed . The harvest is harvest and dried and the onion are ready for use or storage .
Parsnip
The parsnip is a source vegetable closely related to cultivated carrot and Petroselinum crispum , all belong to the inflorescence plant family Apiaceae . It is a biennial industrial plant usually grown as an annual . Its long taproot has cream - colorize skin and form , and , leave in the ground to mature , it becomes sweet in flavor after winter Frost . In its first growing time of year , the plant has a little potato of pinnate , mid - green leaves . If unharvested , in its second grow season it produces a blossom stem top by an umbel of minuscule yellowish flowers , later bring on pale brown , flat , winged seed . By this time , the theme has become woody and the tap root uneatable .
Jicama
Commonly have it away as jícama , Mexican yam bonce , or Mexican turnip , is a globe - shaped root vegetable with papery , golden - dark-brown skin and a buckram white interior . Its flesh is juicy and crunchy , with a slenderly sweet-flavored and haywire flavor . Some think it tastes like a crown of thorns between a potato and a pear . Others liken it to a water chestnut . Jicama is a favourite factor , either brisk or fake , in Latino and Caribbean cuisine . demand nine calendar month of quick weather to generate a sound - sized root , this twining annual vine can reach 14 to 20 substructure . With deep greenish leaves and lovely legume - style purplish flowers , jicama add up beauty to your garden .
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Beets
Garden beets are a cool - time of year , ascendant veg with a high colored antecedent that can be cooked or pickled ; the leafy vegetable can be saute or used in salad . Although the parting , call off beetroot greens , are edible and a estimable source of vitamin , calcium and iron , beetroot are usually produce to apply as a root vegetable . When grow in the right climate , beet can be bug out from source repeatedly over many weeks to give a longer harvest home time of year . The rounded blood-red ascendant range in flavor from mildly sweet to spicy and hot , bet on the diversity .
Kohlrabi
Brassica oleracea gongylodes , also call German turnip , is a biennial vegetable , a low , stalwart cultivar of wild lucre . It is another cultivar of the same metal money as cabbage , Brassica oleracea italica , Brassica oleracea botrytis , kale , Brussels sprouts , collard greens , Savoy simoleons , and gai lan . It can be eaten raw or manipulate . The taste and texture of turnip cabbage are similar to those of a Brassica oleracea italica stem or cabbage heart , but milder and sweeter , with a higher proportion of flesh to skin . The young stem in peculiar can be as frizzy and juicy as an Malus pumila , although much less unfermented .
Shallot
Allium ascalonicum are one of the cool - season or wintertime crop that are very light to cultivate . They are in the same family as onions but produce smaller lightbulb and are often revel as green onions . The plants can flower and bring on seed , but come are n’t always viable , and it is easy to save shallot bulbs for plant your next crop . multiplier onion plants grow best in weed - free site , with full sun photograph or partial shade and well - drained , organically racy dirt that retains even moisture . Allium cepa aggregatum flora reach a height of up to 2 fundament and a spread head of 1 invertebrate foot . Clusters of shallots form around the original medulla oblongata at maturity date , with each electric light averaging between 1 and 4 inches in diam .
Burdock root
Burdock beginning arrive from burdock , a genus of weeds that are related to helianthus and part of the daisy category . Burdock occurs in undisturbed sites where the works forms a rosette the first year and a flowering stiletto heel the 2nd . The roots and vernal leaf and shoot are edible . The plant is wanton to grow and can produce root up to 2 base long in 100 days or less . The bloom are bright pinkish - purple and similar to many thistle species . The leaves are broad and softly lobate . The plant will ego - seed readily and can become a nuisance if not managed .
Cassava
Cassava is a tropical root veggie that can be used along with white potato , carrots , Japanese radish and other tubers . The cassava plant is a woody plant with erect stems and spirally set up simple lobed leave with leafstalk ( leafage staunch ) up to 30 cm in length . The plant bring forth petal - less flowers on a raceme . The comestible roots of the industrial plant are usually cylindrical and tapered and are blank , brown or ruby-red in colouration . Cassava plant can reach 4 MiB in height and is usually glean 9 - 12 months after planting . The root has a smorgasbord of applications , some of which include the output of flour , starch , or fermentation alcohol .
Galangal
Galangal a perennial herb native to Java and popular in Thai culinary art , is exchangeable to ginger to which it bears a airless resemblance . Galangal is more unmanageable to write out than ginger and it has a secure flavor . Both galangal and Thai ginger plants mature tuberous , branching rhizomes . Galangal grows 3 to 6 feet improbable with leave of absence 10 to 13 inches long . The bloom are borne at the top of the plant and are lowly , white and streaked with mysterious - red veining . Some varieties have a coloured reddish - browned skin and the interior is nigh blank . The rootstock have a spicy aroma and a pungent taste somewhere between pepper and gingerroot , it is often wangle with lemon pot .
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Horseradish
Horseradish is a root veg known for its pungent taste and odor . It has been used worldwide for thousands of years , typically as a condiment but also for medicinal purposes . The leaves of the plant grow in a distinctive rosette form sprouting from single or multiple stems . The leaves have long petioles and can be quiet or crinkled , reaching 30–100 centimeter in length . The taproot is wooden-headed and heavy and cylindrical in shape and can reach out 50 atomic number 96 in distance . The plant life grow many ashen flower on raceme . Horseradish plants are unremarkably grown as yearbook , survive only one growing time of year and can reach a pinnacle of 1.5 m. Horseradish may also be referred to as red cole or pepper perch .
Turnip
The turnip or snowy turnip is a root vegetable usually grown in temperate climates worldwide for its bloodless , fleshy taproot . The plant life possesses vertical stems and leaves constitute a crown . The leaves are light green in color , hairy and tenuous . The plant produces light yellow heyday which are clump at the top of a raceme and are often extended above the terminal buds . The leafage can reach 12–14 inches in length , while the branching flower stems can extend to 12–36 inches . The taproot of the plant life is is a bulbous tuber , almost perfectly round , which is commonly a mixture of purple , bloodless and lily-livered . Turnip is usually grown as an one-year and harvested after one grow season .
Fennel
Fennel is a florescence plant species in the cultivated carrot family line . It is a hardy , recurrent herbaceous plant with chickenhearted flowers and feathery leave . It is indigenous to the shores of the Mediterranean but has become widely naturalized in many parts of the earth , especially on dry soils near the sea - seashore and on riverbank . The fennel plant life is an erect herbaceous plant with empty stems and distinctly divide feathery foliation . The leaves are simple and analogue . The works produces flowers on flat umbels which can be 20 cm in diam and possess tiny yellowed bloom . The plant may hit 6.5 ft in top . Fennel is a dead - lived plant and is almost always raise as an yearbook . Fennel may also be referred to as raging Florence fennel or sweet finocchio .
Yam
yam are repeated herbaceous vines cultivated for the ingestion of their starchy tubers in many temperate and tropical region . yam plant plants have thick tubers ( in general a growing of the base of the stem ) which often have thick , almost barklike skin . The long , slender , yearly , mounting stems bear lobed or full leave that are either alternative or paired . The unisexual flush are borne in long clusters . The flowers are in general small and separately inconspicuous though conjointly showy .
The comestible genus Tuber has a rough hide that is difficult to peel but promptly softened by heating plant . The skins vary in color from dark brown to light pink . The majority , or pith , of the veggie is compose of a much soft substance range in color from white or yellow to purple or pinkish in matured yams .
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Turmeric
Turmeric is a member of the gingerroot industrial plant phratry , and grows as a perennial herbaceous plant in most arena . Turmeric plants reach about 1 metre ( 3.3 feet ) in height and hold long simple folio with long leafstalk ( leaf stems ) . The leaves emerge from the branching rhizomes that lie just below the soil surface . Older rhizomes are passably scaly and brown in colour , while young rhizome are pale jaundiced to brown - orange . The small yellow - orange bloom are borne in the axils of waxy bracts that are usually pale light-green or tinged with purpleness .
The rhizomes are used fresh or boiled in water and dry , after which they are grind into a deep orangish - yellowed pulverisation unremarkably used as a color and flavor agent in many Asiatic cuisine , especially for curries , as well as for dyeing , characteristics imparted by the principal turmeric constituent , curcumin .
Sweet potato
The sweet potato or sweetpotato is a dicotyledonous plant that go to the bindweed or morning glory kin . Its large , stiff , sweet - tasting tuberous roots are used as a beginning vegetable . The young shoots and leaves are sometimes eaten as greens . The plant is a herbaceous recurrent vine , accept alternating heart - shaped or palmately lob leave and medium - sized sympetalous peak . The stems are normally crawling on the solid ground and form adventitious root at the node . The leaves are know along the stalk .
The eatable tuberous root is farsighted and tapered , with a smooth cutis whose color array between yellow , orange , red , brown , purpleness , and beige . Its flesh roam from ecru through white , violent , pink , violet , yellow , orange , and purple . Sweet potato cultivars with white-hot or pale yellow human body are less sweet and moist than those with red , pinkish or orangish flesh .
How to grow root vegetables
base veggie are relatively easy to grow and , in the shell of an abundant fall harvest , reap copious reward . To get root vegetables , you ’ll demand a loose , ideally resurrect filth bed . The key to rise root veggie is ensuring that the stain is unaffixed enough for the plants to send down root . They grow well in coolheaded conditions , so you ’ll desire to plant your veggie in mid to late summer for a twilight harvest . Full Dominicus exposure is ideal for growing root vegetable .
When growing root vegetables , it ’s important to be meticulous and intentional in their spacing . Root veggie need space to grow , and since the germ are so modest , you may have to wait a few weeks after first sowing and go back and adjust the flora ’ spacing . Ideally , you need to space the vegetables 2 to 4 inches asunder ( potatoes , however , will need much more space ) .
